Imaging Klippel-Trenaunay and Parkes Weber syndromes: A unilateral limb overgrowth case series

Abstract

This case series highlights the importance of multimodal imaging in distinguishing Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) from Parkes Weber syndrome (PWS) and guiding management. Both KTS and PWS are rare congenital vascular disorders characterised by the classic triad of cutaneous vascular malformations, venous varicosities and limb overgrowth. The three cases in this report highlight the spectrum of vascular malformations and their imaging characteristics, emphasising the importance of flow assessment in distinguishing low-flow venous malformations (KTS) from high-flow arteriovenous malformations (PWS). Multimodal cross-sectional imaging is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in vascular overgrowth syndromes.
Contribution: This case series illustrates the critical role of multimodal imaging in differentiating Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome from Parkes Weber syndrome. It emphasizes the distinct imaging findings, particularly vascular flow characteristics, which are essential for accurate diagnosis, guiding appropriate therapeutic interventions, and preventing serious complications.